SARs In Action September 2021
英国金融情报机构发行《可疑活动报告在行动2021年9月号》
https://nationalcrimeagency.gov.uk/who-we-are/publications/569-sars-in-action-september-2021/file
23 Sep 2021
当地时间2021年9月23日发布。
SARs IN ACTION
Issue 12 - September 2021
可疑活动报告在行动（SARs IN ACTION）
2021年9月号（总第12期）
A United Kingdom Financial Intelligence Unit (UKFIU) publication aimed at all stakeholders in the Suspicious Activity Reports (SARs) regime.
本杂志是英国金融情报机构（UKFIU）针对可疑活动报告（SAR）制度中所有利益相关方发行的出版物。
Message from the head of the UKFIU
英国金融情报机构负责人致辞
Vince O’Brien, Deputy Director
文斯·奥布莱恩（Vince O’Brien）副主任
Welcome to issue 12 of the UKFIU’s magazine SARs in Action. In this issue we take a look at the recently published National Strategic Assessment and how collaboration with the UKFIU and the analysis of SARs data plays an integral role in identifying some of the key changes in the serious organised crime threat.
欢迎阅读「英国金融情报机构」发行的第12期《可疑活动报告在行动》杂志。本期我们将介绍最近发布的《国家战略评估》（NSA），以及与英国金融情报机构的合作和对可疑活动报告数据的分析在识别严重及有组织犯罪（SOC）威胁的一些关键变化方面所发挥的不可或缺的作用。
We also hear from HM Revenue & Customs on why the SARs regime is integral to mitigating tax and illicit finance risks associated with gold. This requires a collaborative response from the public and private sectors and SARs information is an essential component in helping to develop our understanding of the risks associated with gold and organised crime.
我们还从「英国税务海关总署」（HMRC）获悉，为什么可疑活动报告制度对于降低与黄金相关的税务和非法金融风险而言是不可或缺的。这需要公私部门的合作应对，而可疑活动报告信息是帮助我们理解黄金和有组织犯罪相关风险的一个重要组成部分。
Building on a recent UKFIU podcast on vulnerable person SARs, we examine how UKFIU procedures are in place to identify SARs containing information on various types of fraud that target potentially vulnerable members of society. Relevant SARs are identified and fast-tracked to police forces who will, in many cases, arrange visits by local officers to offer advice in order to prevent fraud or further losses.
基于英国金融情报机构最近关于弱势群体可疑活动报告的播客（podcast），我们研究了英国金融情报机构制定的程序如何找出包含针对潜在社会弱势群体的各类诈骗信息的可疑活动报告。相关可疑活动报告会被找出并通过快速通道交给警察局处理，后者在多数情况下会安排当地警员探访受害者，并提供建议以防诈骗或进一步损失。
Talking of podcasts, don’t forget to subscribe to streaming sites such as Spotify to be kept up-to-date on when we release these. The latest was issued in July and focuses on virtual assets - what they are, how they work, complexities faced by law enforcement and the role SARs and reporters can play.
说到播客，别忘了订阅「声破天」（Spotify）等直播网站，以便在我们发布这些内容时获得最新信息。最新一期发布于7月，重点关注虚拟资产——它们是什么、如何运作、执法部门面临的复杂性、以及可疑活动报告和报送机构可以发挥的作用。
You can also follow us on LinkedIn and Twitter (NCA_UKFIU) for updates on all our guidance products and engagement work.
您还可以在「领英」（LinkedIn）和「推特」（Twitter）上关注我们，了解我们所有指引出版物和互动工作的最新消息。
Who is this magazine aimed at?
本杂志的受众是谁？
- All law enforcement; this includes senior investigating officers, front-line police officers and police staff
- 所有执法部门；这包括高级调查官（SIO）、一线警员和警务人员
- Reporters
- 报送机构
- Regulators
- 监管机构
- Supervisors
- 监督机构
- Trade bodies
- 行业协会
- Government partners
- 政府伙伴
- International partners
- 国际伙伴
We’d love to hear what you think of the publication, what topics you’d like us to consider and we’re always open for possible articles/collaborations. Previous issues of this magazine are available on the NCA website. Please send any feedback to ukfiufeedback@nca.gov.uk.
我们很乐意听到您对本出版物的意见，您希望我们考虑哪些话题，我们始终欢迎可能的文章/合作。往期《可疑活动报告在行动》杂志可以在「英国国家打击犯罪调查局」（NCA）网站上获取。请将任何反馈发送至ukfiufeedback@nca.gov.uk。
Updates can also be found on Twitter at NCA_UKFIU and via our LinkedIn page.
您也可以在我们的推特（Twitter）上或通过我们的领英（LinkedIn）页面找到最新信息。
Opinions expressed in articles provided by partners are not necessarily the view of the UKFIU/NCA. The UKFIU exercises the right to edit submitted articles.
合作伙伴提供的文章所表达的观点不一定代表英国金融情报机构/英国国家打击犯罪调查局的观点。英国金融情报机构有权对这些文章进行编辑。
UKFIU updates
英国金融情报机构的最新消息
Reporter engagement survey
对报送机构互动情况的调查
The UKFIU is evolving the way it communicates and engages with members of the regulated sectors as part of the broader SARs Reform Programme.
作为更广泛的「可疑活动报告改革计划」的一部分，英国金融情报机构正在改进与受监管行业成员沟通和互动的方式。
To understand how we are doing, and to help us identify areas where we can do more, we’re asking all organisations who submit SARs to the UKFIU to provide some feedback via a short survey - this includes both submissions via the SAR Online portal or via the bulk reporting process.
为了了解我们做得怎么样，并帮助我们确定哪些领域可以做得更多，我们要求所有向英国金融情报机构提交可疑活动报告的组织——包括通过「可疑活动报告在线」（SAR Online）门户或批量报送流程这两种方式——通过一项简短的调查来提供一些反馈。
We would like to hear from as many reporters as possible - the more we find out about our interactions, the more we can do to better support you in future, and the more we can disrupt financial crime here in the UK and abroad.
我们希望听到尽可能多的报送机构的反馈——我们对彼此的互动了解得越多，未来我们就越能更好地支持你们，我们就越能有效打击国内外的金融犯罪。
To access the survey, please click on this link. The survey will close at 18:00 on 22/10/2021.
请点击此链接参与调查。调查将于2021年10月22日18:00结束。
You can also use the below QR code to access the survey using a mobile device. Open the camera, focus on the code, then tap the screen when the www. homeofficesurveys message appears.
您也可以使用下面的二维码，通过移动设备参与调查。打开摄像头，扫描二维码，然后在出现www.homeofficesurveys消息时轻触屏幕。
SAR Researcher role
「可疑活动报告研究员」角色
The Financial Intelligence Administrator (FIA) role was established by the UKFIU in 2014 to extend direct access to SARs beyond the financial investigator and financial intelligence officer communities. It was intended to give wider policing and government departments access to SARs for intelligence and analysis and thereby increase the exploitation of the information that SARs contain. In October 2021 the FIA role is being replaced by a new SAR Researcher role.
英国金融情报机构于2014年设立了「金融情报管理员」（FIA）角色，使「金融调查员」和「金融情报员」以外的人也可以直接访问可疑活动报告。它的目的是让广大警务和政府部门访问可疑活动报告的情报和分析，从而增加对可疑活动报告所包含信息的利用。2021年10月，金融情报管理员的角色将被一个新的可疑活动报告研究员角色所取代。
A key objective of the UKFIU and part of the wider SARs Reform Programme is to increase the exploitation of SAR data. SARs have traditionally been seen in law enforcement as an intelligence stream to support financial investigations only. However, feedback provided to the UKFIU by SAR end users have shown that the data contained in SARs has been used to enhance intelligence pictures and support a myriad of investigations.
英国金融情报机构的一个关键目标，同时也是更广泛的可疑活动报告改革计划的一部分，是增加对可疑活动报告数据的利用。执法部门历来仅将可疑活动报告视为支持金融调查的情报流。不过，可疑活动报告最终用户提供给英国金融情报机构的反馈表明，可疑活动报告所包含的数据已被用于增强对情报的描述，并支持各种各样的调查。
By simplifying access to SARs whilst maintaining confidentiality requirements, the SAR Researcher role supports the UKFIU commitment to exploit the use SARs as widely as possible throughout the law enforcement community in support of the Goverment’s SARs reform objectives. As with the FIA role, the SAR Researcher role is purely to access SARs for intelligence purposes only. SAR Researchers will not have POCA powers, nor will they be listed on the Financial Information Gateway.
通过简化对可疑活动报告的访问，同时保证遵守保密规定，可疑活动报告研究员角色将为英国金融情报机构对在整个执法界尽可能广泛地利用可疑活动报告，以支持政府的可疑活动报告改革目标提供支持。与金融情报管理员的角色一样，可疑活动报告研究员的角色纯粹是为了情报目的访问可疑活动报告。可疑活动报告研究员将不具有《2002年犯罪收益法案》（POCA）规定的权限，也不会被列入「金融情报门户」（FIG）。
This change in role name will be accompanied by a more streamlined and simplified registration process whilst still ensuring that officers have sufficient knowledge to be able to access, sanitise and share SAR data appropriately.
这一角色名称的变化将使注册流程更加精简和简化，同时仍将确保警员拥有足够的知识，能够适当地访问、脱敏和共享可疑活动报告数据。
National Strategic Assessment
国家战略评估
Ilana and Charlotte
National Assessments Centre
伊拉娜（Ilana）和夏洛特（Charlotte）
国家评估中心（NAC）
Surnames withheld at authors’ request
应作者要求隐去姓氏
The National Assessments Centre (NAC) is an integral part of the National Intelligence Hub of the NCA. Its role is to produce assessed intelligence reporting covering all areas of serious and organised crime (SOC) impacting the UK or UK interests overseas. In May 2021 the NAC published the public version of the National Strategic Assessment of Serious and Organised Crime 2021 (NSA).
「国家评估中心」是英国国家打击犯罪调查局「国家情报中心」（NIH）的一个内设部门。其作用是编制经评估的情报报告，涵盖影响英国或其海外利益的所有严重及有组织犯罪领域。国家评估中心于2021年5月发布了《2021年度严重及有组织犯罪国家战略评估》的公开版本。
SOC is a rapidly changing and complex national security threat that endangers the integrity, legitimacy and sovereignty of the UK and its institutions, at home and overseas. Criminals worldwide exploit the vulnerable, dominate communities and seek to undermine the UK’s economy and infrastructure. Communities across the UK are impacted by SOC. As a result, the NSA seeks to inform not only key decision-makers, but also the public and non-law enforcement partners who can make a difference on the front line.
严重及有组织犯罪是一种变化快速而又复杂的国家安全威胁，危及英国及其机构在国内外的完整性、合法性和主权。全世界的犯罪分子剥削弱势群体、控制各界、并试图破坏英国的经济和基础设施。英国各界都受到严重及有组织犯罪的影响。因此，《国家战略评估》不仅要通报关键决策者，而且要通报公众和非执法伙伴，让他们能够在一线发挥作用。
Over the last year the SOC threat to the UK has continued to increase in both scale and complexity. The numbers of criminals impacting on the UK are greater than previously estimated, and our understanding of the scale of the SOC threat continues to improve. SOC offenders have shown their flexibility and adaptability, especially in their response to COVID-19. Technological enablers are firmly embedded within SOC groups’ methodologies, enabling them to upscale their operations and to adapt to law enforcement and regulated sector activity.
过去一年，严重及有组织犯罪对英国造成威胁的规模和复杂性都在继续增加。影响英国的犯罪分子数量比此前估计的要多，我们对严重及有组织犯罪威胁规模的理解也在不断提高。严重及有组织犯罪的违法者表现出了灵活性和适应性，特别是在应对新冠疫情（COVID-19）方面。技术赋能因素被牢牢嵌入在严重及有组织犯罪集团的方法论中，使其能够提高运作规模，并适应执法部门和受监管行业的活动。
This has driven some of the growth in the threat. Analysis of data recently gained from the EncroChat platform (one of the largest providers of encrypted communications, used by criminals to plan and coordinate their activity) offered new insight into SOC and how offenders operate, but also made clear the scale of the challenge we face around technology.
这在一定程度上推动了威胁的增长。对最近从「EncroChat平台」（最大的加密通信提供商之一，被犯罪分子用来规划和协调其活动）获得的数据进行分析，为严重及有组织犯罪和违法者的运作方式提供了新的见解，但也明确了我们在技术方面所面临挑战的规模。
SOC is a global threat, and the UK is a key target of criminals operating internationally and domestically, as well as a key transit point for commodity smuggling. Collaboration with the UKFIU and analysis of SARs data play an integral role in identifying some of the key changes in the SOC threat, as highlighted by the examples below/next page from this year’s Fraud and Money Laundering chapters.
严重及有组织犯罪是一种全球性的威胁，而英国是国际和国内犯罪活动的最主要目标，也是商品走私的最主要中转站。正如下文来自本年度「诈骗和洗钱」章节的例子所突出显示的，与英国金融情报机构的合作和对可疑活动报告数据的分析，在识别严重及有组织犯罪威胁的一些关键变化方面发挥着不可或缺的作用。
Fraud remains England and Wales’ most common crime type and accounted for over a third of estimated crime in the year ending September 2020. COVID-19 has been a key driver of fraud, with the risk to the UK public sector demonstrated by the speed, scale and diversity of frauds linked to the pandemic. UKFIU analysis of COVID-related SARs resulted in an Amber alert which contained red flag indicators for industry and was used to produce an Intelligence Brief in September 2020 and inform this year’s NSA.
诈骗仍是英格兰和威尔士最常见的犯罪类型，截至2020年9月，占全年估计犯罪总数量的三分之一以上。新冠疫情一直是诈骗行为的一项关键驱动因素，与疫情有关的诈骗的速度、规模和多样性表明了英国公共部门所面临的风险程度。英国金融情报机构对疫情相关可疑活动报告的分析结果为琥珀色预警（即中风险），其中包含业界预警指标，该结果被用于在2020年9月编制一份「情报简报」，并为本年度《国家战略评估》提供信息。
Money mule activity increased, particularly among younger age groups, with an increase in vulnerable person SARs. Criminals exploited public fear and financial vulnerability arising from the pandemic and resulting economic downturn. More people working from home led to an increase in social media use, a popular platform for mule herders to target and recruit victims.
钱骡活动有所增加，特别是在年轻群体中，弱势群体可疑活动报告的数量在增加。犯罪分子利用了疫情及由此引起的经济衰退所造成的公众恐惧和金融漏洞。越来越多的人在家远程办公，导致社交媒体的使用增加，这些平台普遍被放骡人（即钱骡网络的控制者）用来锁定和招募受害者。
Mule herders also demonstrated an increasing awareness of bank detection tools. Further work is underway by the NAC, using SARs data and other intelligence sources, to develop our understanding of the money mule threat, including the vulnerabilities mule herders exploit and the recruitment of under-18 money mules.
放骡人还表现出了对银行检测工具意识的不断提高。国家评估中心正在利用可疑活动报告数据和其他情报来源进行进一步工作，以加深我们对钱骡威胁的理解，包括放骡人所利用的漏洞和对18岁以下钱骡的招募。
Focussing on key changes in the threat, the NSA informs partners and the public of the most important SOC issues of the day, and influences the strategies put in place to tackle and mitigate these threats. This impacts across the whole spectrum of the UK’s response, be it increasing the awareness of the ‘bobby on the beat’ of the exploitation that occurs within County Lines drugs offending to influencing decision makers in Whitehall on the national response to the criminal exploitation of social media.
《国家战略评估》重点关注威胁的关键变化，向合作伙伴和公众通报当今最重要的严重及有组织犯罪问题，并影响为应对和缓释这些威胁而制定的战略。这影响了英国的整个应对措施范围，无论是提高“巡逻警察”对发生在「郡县毒品交易路线」活动中的利用社交媒体的意识，还是影响「白厅」（即英国政府的代名词）决策者对犯罪分子利用社交媒体的国家层面应对措施。
We’d encourage you to read the full NSA (available from the NCA website) and welcome any feedback. Planning for the 2022 NSA is already underway so if you think you are able to provide useful data or intelligence regarding any of the SOC threats please do get in touch at NAC@nca.gov.uk.
我们鼓励您阅读完整的《国家战略评估》（可以从英国国家打击犯罪调查局网站上获取），并欢迎任何反馈。《2022年度国家战略评估》的规划已经在进行中，因此，如果您认为您能够提供有关任何严重及有组织犯罪威胁的有用数据或情报，请联系NAC@nca.gov.uk.
Engagement with law enforcement
与执法部门的互动
The UKFIU’s SARs Exploitation Team’s (SET) mission is to drive up the exploitation of SAR information across police forces, government departments and wider law enforcement (collectively known as end users). A key component to the exploitation of SARs is the use of a search, retrieve and analytical tool called Arena.
英国金融情报机构「可疑活动报告利用小组」（SET）的任务是推动所有警察局、政府部门和更广泛的执法部门（统称“最终用户”）对可疑活动报告信息的利用。利用可疑活动报告的一个关键组成部分是使用一个名为「竞技场」的搜索、检索和分析工具。
During restrictions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic, because of the sensitivity of the information in SARs, training was unable to be delivered across internet platforms such as Zoom or Microsoft Teams; it has to be delivered face-to-face.
采取新冠疫情限制措施期间，由于可疑活动报告信息的敏感性，无法通过Zoom或Microsoft Teams等互联网平台来提供培训；必须面对面提供培训。
As restrictions around COVID have gradually relaxed over the past months, SET officers have finally been able to get back out to their key stakeholders to undertake an intensive calendar of training sessions.
过去几个月，随着新冠疫情限制措施的逐渐放松，可疑活动报告利用小组官员终于能够回到他们的关键利益相关方那里，进行密集的培训课程。
The following chart is a summary of training sessions delivered by SET between March to July 2021:
以下图表是对可疑活动报告利用小组于2021年3月至7月期间举办培训课程的总结：（略）
“It has been really frustrating not being able to provide the fullest support that we know some users need to exploit the information in SARs to its fullest extent,” said SET manager Mike Hindes.
可疑活动报告利用小组经理麦克·辛德斯（Mike Hindes）表示，“我们知道有的用户需要最大限度地利用可疑活动报告中的信息，但无法提供最充分的支持，这真令人沮丧。”
“Whilst we’ve continued to support our law enforcement partners remotely, the benefits of actually meeting people in the flesh have been lost. However, now that we are reconnecting with our law enforcement partners, we have already seen some tangible benefits from the training we have provided.”
“尽管我们继续远程支持我们的执法伙伴，但已经失去了实际见到本人的好处。不过，既然我们正在与我们的执法伙伴重新建立联系，我们已经看到了我们提供的培训所带来的一些切实的好处。”
“Following one of our training sessions, one officer identified a bank account for a suspect with almost £100,000 in it that had previously not been identified. Those funds were subsequently added to a court order. More recently, information in a SAR proved invaluable in assisting a rape enquiry. This shows again the importance of the information that SAR reporters provide and how they can assist in all sorts of law enforcement enquiries.”
“在我们的一次培训课程结束后，一名警员确认了一名嫌疑人的一个银行账户，里面有近10万英镑，该账户的身份此前并未得到确认。这些资金随后被添加到了法庭指令中。最近，一份可疑活动报告中的信息被证明对于帮助调查一宗强奸案很有价值。这再次表明了可疑活动报告报送机构所提供信息的重要性，以及他们可以如何在各类执法调查中提供帮助。”
SET is confident that more face-to-face interaction with UK law enforcement can only be a positive.
可疑活动报告利用小组相信，与英国执法部门进行更多的面对面互动，其结果将会是积极的。
“There is no doubt in my mind that face-to-face interaction stimulates greater confidence in the support of the UKFIU and engenders closer partnership working,” added SET officer Steve Longshaw.
可疑活动报告利用小组官员史蒂夫·朗肖（Steve Longshaw）补充说，“毫无疑问，在我看来，面对面的互动可以激发人们对英国金融情报机构所提供支持的更大信心，并促成更密切的合作关系。”
“It also raises the profile of the department and the Agency as a whole. Physically attending an end user organisation automatically stimulates a greater sense of commonality of purpose. We have had several follow up calls with a number of police and regional forces that we have visited and have provided bespoke assistance where requested. That call may not have been made without the visit we made.”
“这也提高了该部门和整个机构的形象。亲自前往最终用户组织，会自动激发更大的共同目标感。我们已经与我们拜访过的一些警察局和区域警务部门打了几通跟进电话，并根据要求提供了定制的援助。如果没有我们的拜访，可能就不会有那几通电话。”
The following chart is a summary of Arena training delivered by SET (March - July 2021):
以下图表是对可疑活动报告利用小组于2021年3月至7月期间提供竞技场培训的总结：（略）
In addition to the operational successes that SET activity has contributed to, anecdotal evidence and comments suggests that the visits have been extremely beneficial. Moreover the visits have also given the SET a chance to promote UKFIU social media channels and communication products via the NCA website. A new training cycle is planned to begin again in the Autumn.
除了可疑活动报告利用小组活动促成的运作成功之外，坊间证据和评论也表明这些拜访极有好处。此外，这些拜访也让可疑活动报告利用小组有机会通过英国国家打击犯罪调查局网站推广英国金融情报机构的社交媒体渠道和通讯产品。新的培训周期计划于秋季再次开始。
Virtual assets
虚拟资产
An in-depth version of these interviews features in episode eight of the UKFIU podcast, available on Spotify and other streaming sites. Don’t forget to subscribe to be made aware of new podcasts.
这些访谈的深度版本将在英国金融情报机构播客的第八集播出，可以在声破天和其他直播网站上获取。别忘了订阅我们的新播客。
The fifth anti-money laundering directive regulations (5AMLD) came into effect in January 2020, the aim being to tackle the risks linked to cryptocurrencies and bring exchange platforms and custodian wallet providers within its scope. These two categories became ‘reporting entities’ under the new legislation, meaning that they are now required to conduct strong customer due diligence (or CDD) much like traditional financial institutions and to report suspicious transactions to the competent financial intelligence unit.
《欧盟反洗钱5号令》（5AMLD）于2020年1月生效，其目的是应对与加密货币有关的风险，并将交易平台和托管钱包提供商纳入其范围。根据新立法，这两类机构成为“报告实体”，意味着现在它们必须像传统金融机构一样进行严格的客户尽职调查（CDD），并向主管金融情报部门报告可疑交易。
In this article we look at virtual assets - what they are, how they work, some of the complexities faced by law enforcement and the role that SARs and reporters can play.
本文将介绍虚拟资产——它们是什么、如何运作、执法部门面临的一些复杂性、以及可疑活动报告和报送机构可以发挥的作用。
Craig Gleeson, National Economic Crime Centre (NECC)
克雷格·格里森（Craig Gleeson），「国家经济犯罪中心」（NECC）
Cryptocurrency has grown massively as an industry and continues to do so at pace. What 5AMLD has done is to tighten the industry - in terms of the UK, it’s meant that the crypto asset providers fall under the regulatory remit of the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA).
加密货币已经发展成一个巨大的行业，并继续以这种速度发展。《欧盟反洗钱5号令》所做的是加强对该行业的监管——就英国而言，这意味着加密资产提供商属于「英国金融行为监管局」（FCA）的监管职权范围。
Inevitably the tightening up of the industry is a massive boost for law enforcement. It helps to legitimise the sector, which is beneficial for everybody, but it also helps to improve public private partnerships, enabling us to build bridges with the industry, and to start working together to combat crime and to try and tackle the issues that were going on pre-regulation.
不可避免的是，加强对该行业的监管将极大地推动执法。它有助于使该行业合法化，这对每个人都有好处，但它也有助于改善公私伙伴关系，使我们能够与业界建立桥梁，开始携手努力打击犯罪，并尝试解决正在进行事前监管的问题。
Money laundering is probably now the most significant criminal use of cryptocurrencies. It’s becoming part and parcel of professional money launderers and how they try and obfuscate funds on behalf of a wide range of criminal groups. This is in large part because of the fact that, for a while, it wasn’t regulated as it is now and it has the anonymising elements to it. Essentially the idea is to convert it into something that can be easily transported and cryptocurrency can essentially be carried on a USB stick or a phone, easily transferred across borders without using banking systems.
洗钱可能是目前加密货币最重要的犯罪用途。它正成为专业洗钱者（PML）如何试图为各种犯罪集团混淆资金的重要组成部分。这在很大程度上是因为，它曾一度没有像现在这样受到监管，并且具有匿名因素。说到底，洗钱的思路是将其转换成可以轻松转移的东西，而加密货币基本上可以通过U盘或电话来携带，不需要使用银行体系就能轻松实现跨境转移。
Phil Ariss, cryptocurrency lead for the National Police Chiefs’ Council’s (NPCC) cybercrime programme
菲尔·阿里斯（Phil Ariss），「全国警察局长理事会」（NPCC）「网络犯罪计划」加密货币负责人
The NPCC brings together police forces in the UK to help co-ordinate operations, reform and improve and provide value for money. The cybercrime programme was initially just to deliver local capability projects, establishing sub-crime units across England and Wales, but this remit has widened to basically build a world-leading policing cyber capability with the best training tools and technology available to us.
全国警察局长理事会汇集了英国所有警察局，帮助协调行动、改革和改进、并提供物有所值的服务。网络犯罪计划最初只是为了提供本地能力项目，在英格兰和威尔士建立次级犯罪科室，但这一职权范围已经扩大，基本上建立了一个世界领先的警务网络能力，我们拥有最好的培训工具和技术。
Going back just a couple of years there was very little capability on the policing frontline level in relation to cryptocurrency; we’ve now developed a process whereby there are now cryptocurrency tactical advisors in every single force and Regional Organised Crime Unit, and they’ve all been trained in cryptocurrency investigations and spotting the initial signs of cryptocurrency usage.
仅仅几年前，在与加密货币相关的警务一线层面，能力非常有限；而现在我们已经制定了一个流程，每个警察局和「区域有组织犯罪科」（ROCU）都配有加密货币战术顾问，他们都接受过加密货币调查和发现加密货币使用的最初迹象方面的培训。
We’ve also delivered guidance to investigators and training and a whole host of other sort of tools and capabilities that has allowed local, regional and national officers the ability to actually identify what cryptocurrency usage is and a level of capability to investigate it.
我们还为调查人员提供了指引和培训，以及一整套其他类型工具和能力，使地方、区域和国家层面的警员能够真正识别加密货币的使用，并具备一定程度的调查能力。
Most forces or regions are seeing significant volumes of cryptocurrency investigations; we’re seeing people being brought to justice in this space. And also, which is what I’m very passionate about, we’re taking that away from criminals as far as the benefits from these crimes - the Proceeds of Crime Act is being applied in relation to cryptocurrency usage.
大多数警察局或区域警务部门都在进行大量的加密货币调查；我们看到人们在这一领域被绳之以法。而且，这也是我非常感兴趣的，我们正在从犯罪分子那里剥夺这些犯罪的好处——《犯罪收益法案》正被应用于涉及加密货币使用的场景。
SAR reporting in this field is absolutely vital, especially considering that this is still not mainstream policing yet. I think it’s also important to stress that while the European Union and the UK has regulation in place, there are many areas in the world that don’t sadly, and those weaker jurisdictions and those softer borders will always remain a threat. So it’s really important that we try to capture that as much as possible in SARs and that early strategy in investigations.
这一领域的可疑活动报告绝对是至关重要的，特别是考虑到这还不是主流警务。我认为同样重要的是要强调，尽管欧盟和英国已经制定了法规，但遗憾的是，世界上还有许多地区尚未制定法规，那些较弱的司法管辖区和松懈的边检将始终是一个威胁。因此，我们在可疑活动报告中尽可能多地捕捉到这一点，并在调查中采取早期策略，非常地重要。
Vulnerable person SARs and fraud
弱势群体可疑活动报告和诈骗
An in-depth version of these interviews features in episode 7 of the UKFIU podcast, available on Spotify and other streaming sites. Don’t forget to subscribe to be made aware of new podcasts.
这些访谈的深度版本将在英国金融情报机构播客的第七集播出，可以在声破天和其他直播网站上获取。别忘了订阅我们的新播客。
While fulfilling anti-money laundering and counter terrorist financing obligations reporters sometimes identify those who are being exploited or who are potential victims of fraud. The UKFIU has procedures to identify SARs containing information on various types of fraud that target potentially vulnerable members of society. Relevant SARs are identified and fast-tracked to police forces who will, in many cases, arrange visits by local officers - whilst maintaining the confidentiality aspect of SARs - to offer advice in order to prevent fraud or further losses.
在履行反洗钱和反恐怖融资义务的同时，报送机构有时会确定哪些人正在受到剥削，或哪些人是诈骗案的潜在受害者。英国金融情报机构的程序能够找出包含针对潜在社会弱势群体的各类诈骗信息的可疑活动报告。相关可疑活动报告会被找出并通过快速通道交给警察局处理，后者在多数情况下会安排当地警员探访受害者，并提供建议以防诈骗或进一步损失，同时保证可疑活动报告的保密性。
There are plenty of useful UKFIU guidance documents available on the NCA website - such as the Guidance on Reporting Routes Relating to Vulnerable Persons and the SAR Glossary Codes and Reporting Routes for instance. It is worth reiterating, however, that the SARs regime is not a route to report a crime and the guidance on the NCA website will signpost reporters as to the most appropriate reporting routes.
英国国家打击犯罪调查局网站上有许多有用的英国金融情报机构指引文件，比如《与弱势群体相关的报送路径指引》和《可疑活动报告术语表代码和报送路径》。不过，值得重申的是，可疑活动报告制度并非举报犯罪的路径，英国国家打击犯罪调查局网站上的指引将为报送机构指明最合适的举报路径。
Denise Napper, manager of the UKFIU’s SARs Enquiries and Action Team
丹尼斯·纳珀（Denise Napper），英国金融情报机构「可疑活动报告调查与行动小组」经理
The most important thing about fast-tracking is that we will exploit it within a time critical window - we can send that SAR out within 24 hours of having received it. The effect of frauds and scams on vulnerable individuals is still very evident in the increasing number of SARs that we receive. This crime has a considerable and significant impact on individuals’ health, in addition to, in many cases, sadly significant financial loss.
关于快速通道的最重要一点是，我们将在一个关键时间窗口内利用它——我们可以在收到可疑活动报告后24小时内将其发送出去。从我们收到越来越多的可疑活动报告数量上看，诈骗和欺诈对弱势群体的影响仍非常明显。除了在多数情况下造成重大经济损失之外，这一犯罪对个人的健康也有相当大的影响。
Vulnerable people can and are often the main target for scammers, although they can become a victim of a fraud regardless of age, gender or their financial situation. For elderly and disabled individuals a fraud can have a devastating effect on their emotions and can lead to them actually being targeted again by a range of further fraud attempts, often being added to what we’ve been advised is referred to as a ‘suckers list’, where fraudsters pass on the details of people that they’ve been able to successfully exploit to other crime groups to try and extract more financial gain from the individuals.
弱势群体可能是而且往往是骗子的主要目标，尽管诈骗案的受害者不分年龄、性别或财务状况。对于老年人和残疾人而言，诈骗会对他们的情绪造成毁灭性的影响，并可能导致他们再次成为一系列进一步诈骗企图的目标，通常会被添加到我们所建议的“傻瓜名单”，诈骗者将他们能够成功剥削的人的详细信息传递给其他犯罪集团，并试图从这些人身上获取更多的经济利益。
The SARs that we analyse each day contain intelligence on a variety of different frauds and situations where people are being financially exploited. The exploitation could be at the hands of a family member, those close to them in positions of trust, a carer, powers of attorney, a friend that has been put in place to protect them etc.
我们每天分析的可疑活动报告包含关于各种不同诈骗行为、以及人们在财务上受剥削情况的情报。剥削可能来自家庭成员、那些与他们关系密切的信任的人、看护人、代理人、保护他们的朋友、等等。
We see SARs relating to romance fraud, along with pressure and coercion to send money overseas. And we find that this particular fraud is really popular when targeting elderly people, people that are lonely, they’ve lived quite isolated lives and believe genuinely that the company and the attention they’re receiving is legitimate.
我们看到涉及杀猪盘的可疑活动报告，以及强迫和胁迫向海外汇款。我们发现这种特定诈骗行为非常流行，特别是针对老年人和那些孤独的人，他们过着非常孤立的生活，并且真心相信公司以及他们得到的关心是合法的。
Kate Mills, financial investigator with Thames Valley Police
凯特·米尔斯（Kate Mills），「泰晤士河谷警察局」（TVP）金融调查员
Very often these fast-tracked SARs are the first indication that something is not quite right. Bank staff may notice an increase in cash being paid into an account or cash withdrawn from an account or just an increase in foreign payments coming in and going out, or just third parties that are paying money in and it just doesn’t fit right with what’s expected from the profile of that customer.
通常情况下，这些走快速通道的可疑活动报告是某些事情不太正常的最初迹象。银行工作人员可能会注意到支付到账户中的现金增加或从账户中提取的现金增加，或者仅仅是汇入和汇出的国外款项增加，或者仅仅是第三方汇入，这与客户资料中的预期不符。
As soon as we receive these fast-tracked SARs we search our system and we see if they are known to us. Very often they’re not and also they’re not necessarily known to any other agencies. So they could have been suffering for a long time as a victim of this offence with nobody knowing and sometimes there’s a lot of embarrassment that goes with this and they are really coerced into becoming a victim.
一旦我们收到这些走快速通道的可疑活动报告，我们就会搜索我们的系统，看看我们是否知道它们。通常情况下，它们不被我们所知，也不一定被其他任何机构所知。因此，作为这一犯罪行为的受害者，他们可能已经在无人知晓的情况下忍受了很长一段时间的痛苦，有时会伴随着很多尴尬，他们真的是被迫成为受害者。
It’s vital that we receive these because the banks themselves can see the change in activity. They can see a spike in a certain month where all the same activities started. So it’s great. If we receive these then we can instigate a visit to them and offer that vital advice and support that’s needed.
至关重要的是，我们能够收到这些信息，因为银行本身可以看到活动的变化。他们可以看到所有相同活动开始的某个月份出现峰值。所以这很好。如果我们收到这些信息，我们就可以去拜访他们，并提供至关重要的建议和必要的支持。
We review and action all of the fast-tracked SARs we receive and we sanitise all the information that we give to our frontline officers who attend the addresses. Any information and intelligence that reporters provide is totally protected and only the necessary information is sanitised and given to those officers.
我们审查和处理我们收到的所有走快速通道的可疑活动报告，并对我们提供给前往这些地址的一线警员的所有信息进行脱敏。报送机构所提供的任何信息和情报都将受到完全保护，只有必要的信息才会被脱敏并提供给这些警员。
Tax and illicit finance risks with gold
与黄金相关的税务和非法金融风险
Elizabeth Rees
Economic Crime Strategy Unit
Fraud Investigation Service
HMRC
伊丽莎白·里斯（Elizabeth Rees）
经济犯罪战略科（ECSU）
诈骗调查处（FIS）
英国税务海关总署
Law enforcement’s continued impact in disrupting illicit financial flows by targeting cash means criminals are increasingly looking to turn their ill-gotten gains into sought-after commodities like gold.
执法部门通过锁定现金来破坏非法资金流动的持续影响，意味着犯罪分子越来越希望将其非法所得转换成黄金等抢手的大宗商品。
They may target precious metal through burglaries or ask for it as payment within courier frauds. Alternatively, illicit cash is laundered and then converted into gold as part of the first stage of the money laundering process. We repeatedly see gold featuring in money laundering methodologies including trade-based money laundering - the process whereby criminals move the proceeds of crime through trade transactions in an attempt to legitimise their origins.
他们可能会通过入室盗窃来锁定贵金属，或者在快递诈骗中索要贵金属作为付款手段。或者，作为洗钱过程第一阶段的一部分，非法现金被清白，然后转换成黄金。我们一再看到黄金在洗钱方法论中所占的重要地位，包括贸易洗钱——犯罪分子通过贸易交易来转移犯罪收益，试图使其来源合法化的过程。
The Financial Action Task Force has explained why gold remains an attractive proposition to money launderers, even with the onset of modern forms of wealth like cryptoassets. Unlike crypto, gold remains a stable form of global currency, does not require technology and appears in many forms including gold bars and jewellery.
金融行动特别工作组（FATF）已经解释了为什么即使在已经出现加密资产等现代财富形式的情况下，黄金对洗钱者仍具有吸引力。与加密货币不同，黄金仍是一种稳定的全球货币形式，不需要技术，可以以多种形式出现，包括金条和珠宝。
The ability to transform gold into different objects means it can be transported, smuggled and traded across the globe and its origins made difficult to trace. Gold can be exchanged for cash anywhere in the world. A 24 carat, 1 kilogram gold bar is worth more than £44,000 and is much smaller than the equivalent cash value. This makes it an attractive proposition for money launderers.
将黄金转换成不同物品的能力意味着黄金可以在全球范围内被运输、走私和交易，其来源难以被追踪。黄金可以在世界任何地方兑换现金。一根24K、1公斤重的金条价值超过4.4万英镑，而体积远小于等值现金。这使得它对洗钱者具有吸引力。
The demand for gold continues to grow due to its many uses such as jewellery, medicines, engineering, the development of new technologies and as a financial investment.
由于黄金用途广泛，如珠宝、医药、工程、新技术的开发以及作为金融投资手段，使得对黄金的需求持续增长。
This global demand unfortunately feeds a global demand for illicitly mined and traded gold. That fuels a host of illegal activity, including smuggling, human trafficking, tax evasion and corruption, as well as the funding of war, crime and terrorism. Reports suggest organised crime gangs in South America have moved away from the drugs trade because illicit gold mining is more lucrative and less risky.
不幸的是，这种全球需求助长了对非法开采和交易黄金的全球需求。这助长了一系列非法活动，包括走私、人口贩运、逃税和腐败，以及为战争、犯罪和恐怖主义提供资金。有报道称，南美洲的有组织犯罪团伙已经不再从事毒品交易，因为非法开采黄金的利润更高，风险更低。
The UK is one of the largest gold trading centres and we must remain vigilant so that gold traded as a result of illegal activity does not compromise our supply chains and legitimate trade.
英国是最大的黄金交易中心之一，我们必须保持警惕，防止非法活动引起的黄金交易损害我们的供应链和合法贸易。
While the connections between cash and criminal activity are well established and understood, the connection between commodities like gold and criminal activity may be less understood. Illicit transactions involving the precious metal therefore may not be as easily recognised.
尽管现金与犯罪活动之间的联系已经得到充分确认和理解，但黄金等大宗商品与犯罪活动之间的联系可能还不太清楚。因此，涉及贵金属的非法交易可能会不那么容易被识别。
The multiple forms and uses of gold present unique challenges for carrying out due diligence and reporting suspicious activity in such transactions. The generic term ‘gold’ could be referencing bars, jewellery, scrap or unrefined gold and it is important such distinctions are made, wherever possible, when suspicious activity is reported.
黄金的多种形式和用途，给开展尽职调查和报告此类交易中的可疑活动带来了不同寻常的挑战。通用术语“黄金”可以指金条、珠宝、含金废料或未精炼的黄金，在报告可疑活动时，尽可能进行此类区分非常重要。
Adherence with the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s due diligence guidance for precious metal supply chains is integral in tackling organised criminals who trade in gold. Equally important is the need to report suspicious activity when it comes to buying and selling gold. This is particularly crucial in preventing the use of gold in money laundering.
遵守「经合组织」（OECD）的贵金属供应链尽职调查指引，是打击从事黄金交易的有组织犯罪所不可或缺的部分。同样重要的是，在买卖黄金时，也需要报告可疑活动。这对于防止将黄金用于洗钱特别重要。
Identifying and managing tax and illicit finance risks associated with gold requires a multifaceted and collaborative response from both the public and private sectors. Use of information provided by the SARs regime is an essential component in helping to develop our understanding of the picture of risk associated with gold and organised crime.
识别和管理与黄金相关的税务和非法金融风险，需要公私部门采取多方面的合作应对措施。利用可疑活动报告制度所提供的信息，是帮助我们理解黄金和有组织犯罪相关风险状况的一个重要组成部分。
The more informed our picture of risk is, the more effective our response to gold risks can be. Without this type of information, it would be more difficult to establish an effective and co-ordinated strategic and tactical public and private sector response to this threat.
我们对风险状况理解得越多，我们对黄金风险的应对措施就越有效。如果没有这类信息，公私部门就这一威胁作出有效和协调的战略和战术应对措施就会难得多。
Of course, the tax and illicit finance risks associated with gold are also applicable to other precious metals. That means the work we do through SARs to develop our understanding of the risks associated with gold and how we mitigate it will also pay dividends when it comes to other work.
当然，与黄金相关的税务和非法金融风险也适用于其他贵金属。这意味着，我们通过可疑活动报告来加深我们对黄金相关风险的理解，以及我们如何降低风险的工作，也将在其他工作中带来回报。
Insolvency practitioner new guidance
破产执业者的新指引
Katherine Smith
UKFIU Senior Manager
凯瑟琳·史密斯（Katherine Smith）
英国金融情报机构高级经理
Cross-sector engagement and collaboration is key to successfully tackling economic crime. Through ongoing interaction with regulators and reporters, the UKFIU and stakeholders are able to jointly identify barriers to effective financial intelligence exchange and pursue the necessary process and legislative changes to remove those barriers.
跨行业互动与合作是成功打击经济犯罪的关键。通过与监管机构和报送机构的持续互动，英国金融情报机构和各利益相关方能够共同确定有效金融情报交换的障碍，并寻求必要的程序和立法改革以消除这些障碍。
As a result of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of England and Wales (ICAEW) Thematic Review of SARs, specific challenges faced by insolvency practitioners (IPs) in reconciling their obligations under insolvency law and those under the Proceeds of Crime Act (POCA) relating to DAML and Defence Against Terrorist Financing (DAFT) requests were identified.
根据「英格兰及威尔士特许会计师协会」（ICAEW）对可疑活动报告进行专题审查的结果，确定了破产执业者（IP）在协调其根据破产法律和《犯罪收益法案》所承担的与「反洗钱辩护」（DAML）和「反恐怖融资辩护」（DATF）请求相关的义务时所面临的具体挑战。
New guidance has been published by the ICAEW, with the support of the Home Office and the NCA to address these challenges:
在「英国内政部」（HO）和英国国家打击犯罪调查局的支持下，英格兰及威尔士特许会计师协会发布了新的指引，以应对这些挑战：
DAML on appointment
接受指定时的反洗钱辩护
In circumstances where an IP may be appointed, there is a risk that individuals or companies may have engaged in criminality to preserve or generate cash, or are subsequently found to have done so. If the IP is aware or suspects that the entity may be in possession of the proceeds of crime or terrorist property, a DAML or DATF request should, where possible, be made prior to accepting the appointment - but only where the criminal property is already within the company.
在可能会指定某个破产执业者的情况下，存在个人或公司可能会从事犯罪行为以保存或产生现金，或随后被发现这样做的风险。如果破产执业者知道或怀疑该实体可能会拥有犯罪收益或恐怖主义财产，则应当尽可能在接受指定前，提出反洗钱辩护或反恐怖融资辩护请求——但仅限于犯罪财产已经在公司内部的情形。
Accepting the appointment is a business decision and does not constitute a DAML. On appointment, the IP takes control of assets for the benefit of the creditors; if some of the assets comprise criminal property, the IP could commit an offence under POCA. A second DAML may be required to realise newly discovered criminal property.
接受指定是一项商业决定，并不构成反洗钱辩护。在接受指定时，破产执业者为债权人的利益控制资产；如果部分资产属于犯罪财产，则破产执业者可能会触犯《犯罪收益法案》。变现新发现的犯罪财产，可能需要再次请求反洗钱辩护。
The timescale to obtain a DAML is seven working days following submission. This timescale will generally conflict with the urgency required to appoint an IP to protect the interests of legitimate creditors.
获得反洗钱辩护的时间表为提交请求后的七个工作日。这一时间表通常会与指定破产执业者以保护合法债权人利益的紧迫性相冲突。
Under the new guidance, in the case of truly urgent appointments, IPs can escalate urgent DAML submissions for consideration. The NCA aims to provide a response within 24 hours, if appropriate.
根据新指引，在确实需要紧急指定的情况下，破产执业者可以提交紧急反洗钱辩护以供审议。如果可以的话，英国国家打击犯罪调查局的宗旨是在24小时内做出回应。
DAML required for urgent payments upon appointment
接受指定后紧急付款所需的反洗钱辩护
On appointment, in order to continue to trade, it may be necessary for IPs to make payments to staff and legitimate suppliers within a short time period. Suppliers, who are already owed money, may only accept ‘payment on delivery’ terms. This can cause issues where criminal property is suspected or identified before accepting an appointment.
接受指定后，为了继续进行交易，破产执业者可能会需要在短时间内向员工和合法供应商付款。已经被拖欠货款的供应商可能只会接受“货到付款”方式。如果在接受指定前怀疑或发现资产属于犯罪财产，则可能会引起问题。
There may be circumstances where there is sufficient time pre-appointment to identify such payments and a DAML application made. However, there has been experience of DAML refusal when the IP cannot state definitively that the appointment will take place or provide exact details of the amounts to be paid. In other cases, the appointment takes place rapidly without time for prior application.
在某些情况下，接受指定前可能会有足够的时间来发现此类付款，并提出反洗钱辩护申请。不过，也有反洗钱辩护遭拒的经历，因为破产执业者无法明确说明自己将被指定或是提供待支付金额的确切细节。在其他情况下，破产执业者会被迅速指定，没有时间来事先申请。
If the payments are not made, this creates tension with the obligations governing IPs. Additionally, the opportunity to save the business may be lost, with resulting loss of employment and detrimental effect on legitimate creditors. The new guidance proposes that, where payments need to be made urgently after appointment, IPs should escalate urgent DAML submissions for consideration. The NCA would aim to provide a response within 48 hours.
如果不付款，将使破产执业者与债权人的关系变得紧张。此外，可能会丧失挽救企业的机会，从而造成失业，并对合法债权人造成不利影响。新指引建议，如果接受指定后需要紧急付款，破产执业者应当提交紧急反洗钱辩护以供审议。英国国家打击犯罪调查局的宗旨是在24小时内做出回应。
The need for multiple DAML applications
申请多个反洗钱辩护的必要性
In some cases, an application to deal with assets in accordance with the duties and law applicable to an IP has resulted in a DAML granted for a 12 month period. In other cases, this has been refused due to the complexities of the specific case, with a description of the potential prohibited acts along with amounts required. An IP may be able to identify creditors at an early stage, but this can take longer.
在某些情况下，根据破产执业者所适用的义务和法律处理资产的申请，会导致授予有效期12个月的反洗钱辩护。在其他情况下，由于具体案件的复杂性，这一申请会被拒绝，并说明潜在的禁止行为和所需金额。破产执业者或许能够在前期阶段确定债权人，但这可能需要更长的时间。
Where each of the various entities to whom a payment is to be made are ascertained, this will result in multiple DAML requests. There may also be additional requests for each asset disposal.
如果确定要向各个不同实体付款，将导致多个反洗钱辩护请求。每一项资产处置可能还会有额外的请求。
The new guidance allows for a DAML request to cover all assets, expenses and liabilities of an entity, enabling the IP to make any payments or distributions during the insolvency, subject to a 12 month period. The request needs to specify that this DAML request is only in respect of parties or creditors who do not appear to be connected to the wrongdoing which gave rise to the proceeds of crime.
新指引允许反洗钱辩护请求涵盖实体的所有资产、费用和负债，使破产执业者能够在破产期间支付或分配任何款项，有效期12个月。该请求需要明确指出，该反洗钱辩护请求仅针对看上去与产生犯罪收益的不法行为无关的当事人或债权人。
Where an insolvency appointment is expected to last more than 12 months, the reporter will need to consider requesting additional DAMLs, as NCA policy is to only grant a DAML for a maximum 12 months as a proportionate response to the long term management of criminal property.
如果破产指定预计将持续12个月以上，报送机构将需要考虑请求额外的反洗钱辩护，因为英国国家打击犯罪调查局的政策是只授予最长12个月的反洗钱辩护，作为对刑事财产进行长期管理的恰当回应。
The Guidance, published by the ICAEW with the support of the NCA, seeks to provide an enhanced service, where required to IPs, in time critical circumstances, to enable them to act within the provisions of Insolvency Law and POCA. The published Guidance is available by clicking here.
英格兰及威尔士特许会计师协会在英国国家打击犯罪调查局的支持下发布的该指引，旨在时间紧迫的情况下向破产执业者提供所需的增强服务，使其能够在破产法律和《犯罪收益法案》规定的范围内采取行动。点击此处获取该指引。
A different kind of cuckooing...
另一种“鸠占鹊巢”...
Angela Foyle
Chair of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales Economic Sub-Committee
Director Global Economic Crime Risk Management BDO
安吉拉·福伊尔（Angela Foyle）
英格兰及威尔士特许会计师协会经济小组委员会主席
「立信会计师事务所」（BDO）全球经济犯罪风险管理总监
Law enforcement describe the practice by which drug dealers take over someone’s home (often a vulnerable person) as a base for their activities as ‘cuckooing’. However, it appears that accountancy firms suffer from their own distinct breed of cuckoos. These are companies who use the accountancy firm’s address as a registered office address without the knowledge or consent of the firm.
执法部门将毒贩接管某人（通常为弱势群体）的家作为其活动基地的做法称为“鸠占鹊巢”。不过，会计师事务所似乎也饱受自己独特的“鸠占鹊巢”之苦。这些公司在未告知或未经其同意的情况下，将会计师事务所的地址用作自己的注册地址。
A recent meeting of firms identified that this is a common problem. Of the 15 firms represented at the meeting (of all sizes) all had discovered cases of companies registered at the firm’s address who had no connection with the building or the firm; discussions with supervisors indicates that the issue may be even more widespread.
最近的一次事务所会议发现，这是一个普遍问题。出席会议的15家（各种规模的）事务所均发现了与（事务所所在的）写字楼或事务所无关的公司在相同地址注册的案例；与监管机构的讨论表明，这一问题可能会比他们看到的还要普遍。
There could be some innocent errors in the cases identified, but the most likely explanation for using the accountancy firm’s address is that it provides credibility which may be used to facilitate fraud. In many cases, the company will combine using the address with a Post Office redirection arrangement so the accountancy firm will not receive any mail which might trigger an investigation.
在已发现的案例中，可能有一些无心之失，但使用会计师事务所地址的最可能的解释是，它提高了可信性，可能会被用来帮助诈骗。在多数情况下，该公司会将使用该地址与邮局重定向安排相结合，这样会计师事务所就不会收到任何可能会触发调查的邮件。
Identifying the misuse of the address is one element. A further challenge is getting the record changed. Although the reforms proposed in the Companies House Consultation would have facilitated this, currently the process is long and laborious.
识别地址的滥用只是一个方面。另一个挑战是更改记录。尽管「英国公司注册处」提出的改革意见征集将会促进这一点，但目前这一过程是漫长而艰难的。
A form must be completed, then evidence provided to Companies House that the accountancy firm has a legitimate interest in the address (including lease documents and in some cases utility bills) and it can take several months to have the record changed. Once removed, there is nothing to stop the company from re-registering at the same address or at the address of another accounting firm and the process will have to begin again.
首先必须填写一份表格，然后向英国公司注册处提供证据，证明会计师事务所对该地址拥有合法权益（包括租赁文件，在某些情况下还包括公用事业费账单），并且可能需要几个月的时间才能更改记录。一旦被移除，就没有什么可以阻止该公司在相同地址或另一家会计师事务所的地址重新注册，这一过程将不得不重新开始。
There are no exact numbers of how many companies misrepresent their registered addresses. However, law enforcement and others should be aware it will not always be the case that the registered address is being used legitimately.
没有确切数字显示有多少公司谎报注册地址。不过，执法部门和其他人应当意识到，注册地址并不总是被合法使用。
Financial crime communications
金融犯罪通讯
Stuart Hadley
Communications Account Manager National Crime Agency
斯图尔特·哈德利（Stuart Hadley）
英国国家打击犯罪调查局通讯客户经理
Economic crime is increasingly demanding media attention, from proceeds of crime and money laundering, to bribery and corruption and fraud. The NCA press office, which also covers comms for the National Economic Crime Centre, works across the agency to offer transparency around the work to tackle this criminality and to explain the threat landscape, often working closely with partners in the financial sector as well as other arms of law enforcement and the regulators.
经济犯罪越来越需要媒体关注，从犯罪收益和洗钱，到贿赂、腐败和诈骗。同时也负责国家经济犯罪中心通讯事宜的英国国家打击犯罪调查局新闻办公室，在整个机构内开展工作，为打击这一犯罪行为的工作提供透明度，并解释威胁形势。新闻办公室通常与金融行业的合作伙伴以及其他执法部门和监管机构密切合作。
While the role of the UKFIU in these cases is largely hidden, many correspondents follow developments in the regime and its processes closely. The need for modernisation of both the regime itself and the infrastructure behind it are a perennial area of interest, as is the relative reporting levels of different members of the regulated sector.
尽管英国金融情报机构在这些案件中的作用在很大程度上是看不见的，但许多记者密切关注着制度及其程序的发展。对制度本身及其背后的基础设施进行现代化改造的需求，以及受监管行业不同成员各自的报送水平，都是长期受到关注的领域。
For the UKFIU, the press office acts as the gatekeeper between the media and the unit itself. This will typically involve responding to media queries from the very general to the highly specialist, arranging interviews with senior leaders to encourage and improve reporting within particular sectors, and working on campaigns to raise awareness among law enforcement of the value of SARs data used across the full range of investigations, not just suspected cases of money laundering.
对于英国金融情报机构而言，新闻办公室是媒体和该机构本身之间的守门人。这通常会包括：回答从一般到高度专业的媒体询问；安排与高层领导的访谈，以鼓励和改进特定行业内的报送；以及开展活动，以提高执法部门对整个调查范围内利用的可疑活动报告数据价值的意识，而不仅仅是涉嫌洗钱的案件。
The majority of media engagement involving the UKFIU is with specialist publications or journalists with a particular focus on the regulated sector. However the publication of the annual report, which provides an opportunity for scrutiny of the units performance and of the regime itself, can attract a wider level of interest. The publication date is agreed with Number 10 to ensure it doesn’t clash with other Government announcements before it is published and released to the media.
英国金融情报机构与媒体的互动，大部分是关于特别关注受监管行业的专业出版物或记者。不过，出版年度报告可以引起更广泛的兴趣，因为它提供了审查各部门绩效和制度本身的机会。出版日期已与唐宁街10号（即英国首相府）商定，以确保在出版和向媒体发布前不会与政府的其他公告发生冲突。
Typically the press office works with relevant media to facilitate interviews and bring out any key findings from the report, and it is frequently referred to in reporting throughout the year.
新闻办公室通常会与相关媒体合作，以促进访谈，并提出报告的主要调查结果，这在全年的报道中经常提及。
Missed an issue?
错过了往期杂志？
You can download previous copies of the SARs IN ACTION magazine from the National Crime Agency’s website www.nca.gov.uk.
您可以从英国国家打击犯罪调查局网站（www.nca.gov.uk）上下载到往期《可疑活动报告在行动》杂志。
（注：本文封面图片来源于英国国家打击犯罪调查局官方网站。）